{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2026-8169", "assignerOrgId": "1c053176-eef3-4d6a-ae0b-24728c86587b", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "ExtremeNetworks", "dateReserved": "2026-05-08T12:59:08.619Z", "datePublished": "2026-07-20T17:33:05.699Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-07-20T19:20:47.552Z"}, "containers": {"cna": {"providerMetadata": {"orgId": "1c053176-eef3-4d6a-ae0b-24728c86587b", "shortName": "ExtremeNetworks", "dateUpdated": "2026-07-20T19:20:47.552Z"}, "title": "ExtremeXOS Debug-Mode Privilege Escalation via Weak PRNG", "datePublic": "2026-07-20T17:27:00.000Z", "problemTypes": [{"descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "cweId": "CWE-338", "description": "CWE-338: Use of Cryptographically Weak Pseudo-Random Number Generator (PRNG)", "type": "CWE"}]}], "affected": [{"vendor": "Extreme Networks", "product": "Switch Engine (EXOS)", "platforms": ["Switch Engine"], "versions": [{"status": "affected", "version": "0", "lessThan": "31.7.4", "versionType": "custom"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "32.0.0", "lessThan": "32.7.4.15", "versionType": "custom"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "33.0.0", "lessThan": "33.1.100", "versionType": "custom"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "33.2.0", "lessThan": "33.7.1", "versionType": "custom"}], "defaultStatus": "unaffected"}], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "ExtremeXOS (EXOS) uses a challenge-response mechanism to authorize access to the privileged debug-mode function. The challenge value is generated using an insufficiently random source, which under certain conditions may allow an attacker to predict the expected response and activate debug-mode without authorization. Depending on device configuration and version, this may enable escalation to root-level access and persistent modification of the device software stack. Exploitation requires either a valid low-privilege account on the device (remote scenario) or physical serial console access (local scenario). This vulnerability is distinct from CVE-2017-14329, which addressed a different issue involving Python script privileges.\n\n\n\nExtreme would like to thank Hadrien Barral (Universit\u00e9 Gustave Eiffel) and Georges-Axel Jaloyan (French Ministry of the Interior) for responsible disclosure of their findings.", "supportingMedia": [{"type": "text/html", "base64": false, "value": "<p>ExtremeXOS (EXOS) uses a challenge-response mechanism to authorize access to the privileged debug-mode function. The challenge value is generated using an insufficiently random source, which under certain conditions may allow an attacker to predict the expected response and activate debug-mode without authorization. Depending on device configuration and version, this may enable escalation to root-level access and persistent modification of the device software stack. Exploitation requires either a valid low-privilege account on the device (remote scenario) or physical serial console access (local scenario). This vulnerability is distinct from CVE-2017-14329, which addressed a different issue involving Python script privileges.</p><p>Extreme would like to thank Hadrien Barral (Universit\u00e9 Gustave Eiffel) and Georges-Axel Jaloyan (French Ministry of the Interior) for responsible disclosure of their findings.</p>"}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://www.extremenetworks.com/support/policies/product-security", "name": "Extreme Networks Product Security", "tags": ["vendor-advisory"]}], "metrics": [{"format": "CVSS", "scenarios": [{"lang": "en", "value": "GENERAL"}], "cvssV4_0": {"attackVector": "NETWORK", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackRequirements": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE", "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH", "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE", "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH", "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE", "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED", "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED", "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED", "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED", "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED", "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED", "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED", "version": "4.0", "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "baseScore": 8.7, "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"}}], "workarounds": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Where immediate upgrade is not feasible, customers should: (1) restrict CLI access to trusted administrators only; (2) enforce strong authentication and rotate any default credentials; (3) restrict physical access to serial console ports; and (4) monitor device logs for unexpected debug-mode activation attempts.", "supportingMedia": [{"type": "text/html", "base64": false, "value": "<p>Where immediate upgrade is not feasible, customers should: (1) restrict CLI access to trusted administrators only; (2) enforce strong authentication and rotate any default credentials; (3) restrict physical access to serial console ports; and (4) monitor device logs for unexpected debug-mode activation attempts.</p>"}]}], "solutions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Extreme Networks has released fixed versions of Switch Engine (EXOS) that address this vulnerability. Customers should upgrade to one of the following releases or later: 31.7.4, 32.7.4.15, 33.1.100, or 33.7.1.", "supportingMedia": [{"type": "text/html", "base64": false, "value": "<p>Extreme Networks has released fixed versions of Switch Engine (EXOS) that address this vulnerability. Customers should upgrade to one of the following releases or later: 31.7.4, 32.7.4.15, 33.1.100, or 33.7.1.</p>"}]}], "credits": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Extreme would like to thank Hadrien Barral (Universit\u00e9 Gustave Eiffel) and Georges-Axel Jaloyan (French Ministry of the Interior) for responsible disclosure of their findings.", "type": "finder"}], "source": {"advisory": "SA-2026-087", "discovery": "EXTERNAL"}, "x_generator": {"engine": "Vulnogram 1.0.2"}}, "adp": [{"metrics": [{"other": {"type": "ssvc", "content": {"timestamp": "2026-07-20T18:26:07.254983Z", "id": "CVE-2026-8169", "options": [{"Exploitation": "none"}, {"Automatable": "no"}, {"Technical Impact": "total"}], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "version": "2.0.3"}}}], "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment", "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "shortName": "CISA-ADP", "dateUpdated": "2026-07-20T18:26:18.638Z"}}]}}

{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "containers": {"adp": [{"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment", "metrics": [{"other": {"type": "ssvc", "content": {"id": "CVE-2026-8169", "role": "CISA Coordinator", "options": [{"Exploitation": "none"}, {"Automatable": "no"}, {"Technical Impact": "total"}], "version": "2.0.3", "timestamp": "2026-07-20T18:26:07.254983Z"}}}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "shortName": "CISA-ADP", "dateUpdated": "2026-07-20T18:26:13.494Z"}}], "cna": {"title": "ExtremeXOS Debug-Mode Privilege Escalation via Weak PRNG", "source": {"advisory": "SA-2026-087", "discovery": "EXTERNAL"}, "credits": [{"lang": "en", "type": "finder", "value": "Extreme would like to thank Hadrien Barral (Universit\u00e9 Gustave Eiffel) and Georges-Axel Jaloyan (French Ministry of the Interior) for responsible disclosure of their findings."}], "metrics": [{"format": "CVSS", "cvssV4_0": {"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED", "version": "4.0", "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED", "baseScore": 8.7, "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED", "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N", "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED", "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackRequirements": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE", "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH", "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE", "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH", "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE", "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"}, "scenarios": [{"lang": "en", "value": "GENERAL"}]}], "affected": [{"vendor": "Extreme Networks", "product": "Switch Engine (EXOS)", "versions": [{"status": "affected", "version": "0", "lessThan": "31.7.4", "versionType": "custom"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "32.0.0", "lessThan": "32.7.4.15", "versionType": "custom"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "33.0.0", "lessThan": "33.1.100", "versionType": "custom"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "33.2.0", "lessThan": "33.7.1", "versionType": "custom"}], "platforms": ["Switch Engine"], "defaultStatus": "unaffected"}], "solutions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Extreme Networks has released fixed versions of Switch Engine (EXOS) that address this vulnerability. Customers should upgrade to one of the following releases or later: 31.7.4, 32.7.4.15, 33.1.100, or 33.7.1.", "supportingMedia": [{"type": "text/html", "value": "<p>Extreme Networks has released fixed versions of Switch Engine (EXOS) that address this vulnerability. Customers should upgrade to one of the following releases or later: 31.7.4, 32.7.4.15, 33.1.100, or 33.7.1.</p>", "base64": false}]}], "datePublic": "2026-07-20T17:27:00.000Z", "references": [{"url": "https://www.extremenetworks.com/support/policies/product-security", "name": "Extreme Networks Product Security", "tags": ["vendor-advisory"]}], "workarounds": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Where immediate upgrade is not feasible, customers should: (1) restrict CLI access to trusted administrators only; (2) enforce strong authentication and rotate any default credentials; (3) restrict physical access to serial console ports; and (4) monitor device logs for unexpected debug-mode activation attempts.", "supportingMedia": [{"type": "text/html", "value": "<p>Where immediate upgrade is not feasible, customers should: (1) restrict CLI access to trusted administrators only; (2) enforce strong authentication and rotate any default credentials; (3) restrict physical access to serial console ports; and (4) monitor device logs for unexpected debug-mode activation attempts.</p>", "base64": false}]}], "x_generator": {"engine": "Vulnogram 1.0.2"}, "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "ExtremeXOS (EXOS) uses a challenge-response mechanism to authorize access to the privileged debug-mode function. The challenge value is generated using an insufficiently random source, which under certain conditions may allow an attacker to predict the expected response and activate debug-mode without authorization. Depending on device configuration and version, this may enable escalation to root-level access and persistent modification of the device software stack. Exploitation requires either a valid low-privilege account on the device (remote scenario) or physical serial console access (local scenario). This vulnerability is distinct from CVE-2017-14329, which addressed a different issue involving Python script privileges.\n\n\n\nExtreme would like to thank Hadrien Barral (Universit\u00e9 Gustave Eiffel) and Georges-Axel Jaloyan (French Ministry of the Interior) for responsible disclosure of their findings.", "supportingMedia": [{"type": "text/html", "value": "<p>ExtremeXOS (EXOS) uses a challenge-response mechanism to authorize access to the privileged debug-mode function. The challenge value is generated using an insufficiently random source, which under certain conditions may allow an attacker to predict the expected response and activate debug-mode without authorization. Depending on device configuration and version, this may enable escalation to root-level access and persistent modification of the device software stack. Exploitation requires either a valid low-privilege account on the device (remote scenario) or physical serial console access (local scenario). This vulnerability is distinct from CVE-2017-14329, which addressed a different issue involving Python script privileges.</p><p>Extreme would like to thank Hadrien Barral (Universit\u00e9 Gustave Eiffel) and Georges-Axel Jaloyan (French Ministry of the Interior) for responsible disclosure of their findings.</p>", "base64": false}]}], "problemTypes": [{"descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "type": "CWE", "cweId": "CWE-338", "description": "CWE-338: Use of Cryptographically Weak Pseudo-Random Number Generator (PRNG)"}]}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "1c053176-eef3-4d6a-ae0b-24728c86587b", "shortName": "ExtremeNetworks", "dateUpdated": "2026-07-20T19:20:47.552Z"}}}, "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2026-8169", "state": "PUBLISHED", "dateUpdated": "2026-07-20T19:20:47.552Z", "dateReserved": "2026-05-08T12:59:08.619Z", "assignerOrgId": "1c053176-eef3-4d6a-ae0b-24728c86587b", "datePublished": "2026-07-20T17:33:05.699Z", "assignerShortName": "ExtremeNetworks"}, "dataVersion": "5.2"}

{"affected": [{"affectedData": [{"defaultStatus": "unaffected", "platforms": ["Switch Engine"], "product": "Switch Engine (EXOS)", "vendor": "Extreme Networks", "versions": [{"lessThan": "31.7.4", "status": "affected", "version": "0", "versionType": "custom"}, {"lessThan": "32.7.4.15", "status": "affected", "version": "32.0.0", "versionType": "custom"}, {"lessThan": "33.1.100", "status": "affected", "version": "33.0.0", "versionType": "custom"}, {"lessThan": "33.7.1", "status": "affected", "version": "33.2.0", "versionType": "custom"}]}], "source": "1c053176-eef3-4d6a-ae0b-24728c86587b"}], "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "ExtremeXOS (EXOS) uses a challenge-response mechanism to authorize access to the privileged debug-mode function. The challenge value is generated using an insufficiently random source, which under certain conditions may allow an attacker to predict the expected response and activate debug-mode without authorization. Depending on device configuration and version, this may enable escalation to root-level access and persistent modification of the device software stack. Exploitation requires either a valid low-privilege account on the device (remote scenario) or physical serial console access (local scenario). This vulnerability is distinct from CVE-2017-14329, which addressed a different issue involving Python script privileges.\n\n\n\nExtreme would like to thank Hadrien Barral (Universit\u00e9 Gustave Eiffel) and Georges-Axel Jaloyan (French Ministry of the Interior) for responsible disclosure of their findings."}], "id": "CVE-2026-8169", "lastModified": "2026-07-21T20:25:45.920", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV40": [{"cvssData": {"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED", "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED", "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackRequirements": "NONE", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "baseScore": 8.7, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED", "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED", "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE", "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE", "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE", "userInteraction": "NONE", "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED", "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X", "version": "4.0", "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH", "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH", "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"}, "source": "1c053176-eef3-4d6a-ae0b-24728c86587b", "type": "Secondary"}], "ssvcV203": [{"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "ssvcData": {"id": "CVE-2026-8169", "options": [{"exploitation": "none"}, {"automatable": "no"}, {"technicalImpact": "total"}], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "timestamp": "2026-07-20T18:26:07.254983Z", "version": "2.0.3"}}]}, "published": "2026-07-20T18:16:56.420", "references": [{"source": "1c053176-eef3-4d6a-ae0b-24728c86587b", "url": "https://www.extremenetworks.com/support/policies/product-security"}], "sourceIdentifier": "1c053176-eef3-4d6a-ae0b-24728c86587b", "vulnStatus": "Awaiting Analysis", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-338"}], "source": "1c053176-eef3-4d6a-ae0b-24728c86587b", "type": "Secondary"}]}

{}

{"affected": [{"configurations": [{"platform": ["Switch Engine"], "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "generic", "value": "[0,31.7.4)"}}, {"platform": ["Switch Engine"], "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "generic", "value": "[32.0.0,32.7.4.15)"}}, {"platform": ["Switch Engine"], "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[33.0.0,33.1.100)"}}, {"platform": ["Switch Engine"], "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[33.2.0,33.7.1)"}}], "enrichment": {"confidence": 100.0, "confidence_source": "cna", "scores": [{"score": 100.0, "source": "cna"}]}, "product": "switch_engine_(exos)", "vendor": "extreme_networks"}], "created": "2026-07-22T17:00:14.734697+00:00", "updated": "2026-07-30T19:00:09.748984+00:00", "vendors": ["extreme_networks", "extreme_networks$PRODUCT$switch_engine_(exos)"]}